Authors retain copyright of their research manuscripts and receive clear credit for, and ownership of their work. Generally, authors will be asked to grant non-exclusive rights to Springer Nature to publish, reproduce, copy and distribute. Please see our policy page for more information.
By opting for open access in fully OA or hybrid journals, authors agree to publish their article(s) under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY (as of January 16, 2012). Articles published before that date are subject to the Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial License CC BY NC.
CC BY NC is also used by some of our Adis journals, so please check journal(s) page for details. Re-use of open access material is allowed without additional permissions provided that an appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source is given, as well as link to the Creative Commons licence and any changes made are clearly indicated.
Articles published under subscription model cannot be shared without official permissions. Copyright Clearance Center’s RightsLink® service makes it faster and easier to secure permission for the reuse of Springer Nature content. To seek permissions, please visit SpringerLink or Nature.com and locate the desired article or book chapter that contains the material you wish to reuse. Go to the article or chapter page you wish to reuse content from. (Note: permissions are granted on the article or chapter level, not on the book or journal level). Scroll to the bottom of the page, or locate via the side bar, the "Reprints and Permissions" link at the end of the chapter or article.
If you are are unable to use this service or have other questions, please contact our teams at [email protected] for reuse of journal content and [email protected] for reuse of book content.
Visit Springer Nature’s copyright and piracy policies page if you need additional information.